Technology's Role in Climate Goals

The journey to net-zero emissions is both a challenge and an opportunity. As someone who has spent years researching nanomagnetics, computing systems, and embedded electronics, I often consider how my work aligns with these goals. Climate change requires precise, scalable, and interdisciplinary solutions. While technologies like artificial intelligence and electric vehicles offer promise, the question remains: are they sufficient?

AI: From Nanomagnetics to Climate Applications

In one of my researches, I worked on nanomagnetic logic systems for computing. This experience taught me how small-scale innovations drive large-scale impact. AI systems share this characteristic. They analyze massive datasets to optimize resource use and reduce inefficiencies. AI helps forecast weather, monitor emissions, and design renewable energy grids. But AI's role in climate action must go beyond optimization. For example, in nanomagnetics, I explored energy-efficient computing designs. This principle applies to AI models, which consume significant energy. Data centres powering AI must transition to renewable energy. Otherwise, the energy AI saves elsewhere is offset by its own carbon footprint. One area where my expertise connects closely is AI in materials science. My simulation work on graphene taught me the importance of material efficiency. AI-driven simulations can speed up the development of new materials for solar panels and batteries. These materials are critical for renewable energy and EV systems.

"AI must do more than compute; it must guide energy-efficient systems. Otherwise, its benefits are eclipsed by its own energy costs."

EVs: Engineering Efficient Systems

Electric vehicles represent a clear path to reducing transportation emissions. My work on lightweight design principles for embedded systems ties directly to EV innovation. Lighter technological nodes use less energy, and better-integrated systems improve performance. Battery technology sits at the heart of EV adoption. My experience with nanoscale materials highlights the need for efficiency and sustainability. Lithium-ion batteries dominate, but their environmental and social impacts remain a concern. Mining for cobalt, for example, often harms local ecosystems. Solid-state battery research and 2D material research, much like nanomagnetic in memory compute advancements, offers a potential alternative. EVs are not standalone solutions. They are definitely dependent on renewable energy to charge cleanly. Grid integration is essential, and AI can play a role here. For instance, AI can optimize charging times based on renewable energy availability. My work in smart systems emphasizes the importance of such interconnected approaches.

"EVs are not just vehicles; they are part of an energy ecosystem. Their success depends on renewable grids and sustainable supply chains."

Challenges Beyond AI and EVs

AI and EVs are powerful but incomplete. My research on advanced embedded systems and AI driven Digital Twins highlights the importance of complementary technologies. Carbon capture and storage must fill gaps where emissions cannot be avoided. Nanomaterials play a key role in enhancing CCS efficiency. Hydrogen energy is another promising avenue. Green hydrogen, produced using renewable energy, can decarbonize heavy industries. Recent works on catalysis and materials simulation connects directly to this effort. Efficient catalysts reduce the energy required for hydrogen production. Grid-scale energy storage remains a major hurdle. Renewable energy's intermittent nature requires robust storage solutions. Advanced semiconductor technologies, an area I have deeply explored, can enhance storage device efficiency. Combining these technologies with AI-driven grid management ensures maximum utilization.

"Net-zero requires a toolkit, not a silver bullet. AI, EVs, and other technologies must work in tandem."

The Global Innovation Gap: - Access to AI and EVs varies across the globe. Wealthier nations lead in these technologies, while others lag behind. As IEEE NTC Region 10 Representative and IEEE NTC Standards Committee Secretary, I have seen the importance of fostering collaboration among multiple stakeholders. Global partnerships can bridge this innovation gap. I also see education as a key driver of change. Through initiatives like TryNano:NanoQuest (A TryEngineering STEM Inspire Grant Program), I work to inspire the next generation of engineers. Empowering students with knowledge ensure long-term progress. This aligns with my belief that innovation must be inclusive to be effective.

A Call for Interdisciplinary Action: - My work spans nanotechnology, computing, and systems design. This interdisciplinary approach mirrors what climate solutions require. Governments, industries, and researchers must align efforts. Investments in clean technology must prioritize scalability and sustainability. The IEEE Rebooting Computing initiative, which I contribute to, emphasizes energy efficiency. This principle is central to achieving climate goals. As we develop new technologies, energy efficiency must remain a cornerstone. Achieving net-zero is a shared challenge. AI and EVs are essential tools but not standalone solutions. We must combine them with clean energy, advanced materials, and strong policies. Collaboration and innovation will determine our success. The future depends on our collective ability to innovate responsibly. Let's ensure that technology serves both humanity and the planet.

“Technology will not solve climate change alone. It can, however, provide the platform we need to act effectively. The road to net-zero is long, but progress is possible with the right efforts.”

By IEEE Senior Member, Santhosh S